Arthur Miller Essay

An important theme in Arthur Miller’s play â€Å"All My Sons† is the responsibility a man has for another man. Miller stressed that people must be held accountable for their actions to society and they will be held accountable by the inevitable justice found in the universe: karma. This theme is expressed through action as well as characters throughout the entire play; it is subtle at first but slowly becomes more prominent until Joe Keller finally realizes exactly how his actions affected people outside of his family. To begin, Keller’s character is important to the theme because he represents the opposite of being responsible for his actions and being held accountable to society. Joe Keller seems like a simple kind of man. His greatest wishes are to obtain the American dream for his wife and to create a legacy to pass on to his son. However, he harbors a dark secret that explains how he achieved those dreams for his family- he knowingly shipped out faulty airplane parts during wartime. Up until the time of the play, Keller did not believe he did a terrible thing by shipping those parts out. As he explains, when he came home from jail he was like an expert on the â€Å"whole jail thing† and, over time, the children â€Å"got it confused and†¦ [he] ended up a detective†(29). Or, more clearly, he went from being the bad guy to being the good guy. In Keller’s mind, he was the good guy because he saved his family from being poor and having their reputations in the gutter. He says to his wife, â€Å"you wanted money, so I made money†(76). To him, he simply did what he had to do to protect and take care of his family. At that point in his life he was not able to see the big picture of things; he was only able to see one little contour, just one small piece, of what makes up the universe. Furthermore, it is evident that Keller’s small piece of the universe, his family, is what is most important to him. Throughout the play he tells Chris that everything he has done with the business , including sending out cracked gear heads, was for Chris: â€Å"it was a chance and I took it for you†(70). Keller believed that he had to send out those parts so that he would still have a business to pass on to his son. Chris replies â€Å"what is that, the world- the business?†(70). He is asking his father if the whole world is the business. And the answer in Keller’s mind is, as long as it takes care of his family, yes it is the world. Slowly, though, Keller begins to see just what his actions have caused to happen to other people. Take, for example, when he speaks to Ann about her father, Steve. He finds out that Ann and George never visit Steve in jail and that they don’t even write to him. Keller is unable to understand why the children would â€Å"crucify† their father and he pleads with Ann to not â€Å"make a murderer out of him†(32). He realizes that Steve’s life was ruined and his relationships with his children, something that Keller gives very high value to, are ruined as well. It is also easy to believe that Keller doesn’t want to see Steve crucified because if he is, that means that Keller should be too. And if Keller was punished for his actions, that means there is â€Å"something bigger† in the world than the relationship between father and son. The whole ordeal with Steve and Steve’s children gives Keller a clue that there may be bigger things in the world than familial relationships and also that there may be consequences to wrongful actions. Finally, Chris and Larry (posthumously) work to enlighten Keller that â€Å"there’s a universe of people outside and that [he’s] responsible to it†(84). Chris’ character alone serves as a guidepost to this revelation. He is the epitome of the idea of responsibility and accountability to society because he is the person that reaches for something he wants but pulls â€Å"back because other people will suffer†(16). Chris takes other people’s feelings and well-being into account before he acts. He learned to be so self-less in the war, as he watched his men kill themselves for each other. He describes it as â€Å"a kind of†¦ responsibility. Man for man†(35-36). He learned that you cannot only look out for yourself in this world, but you have to help other people out as well. And Larry, whom Keller thought shared his ideas on the way the world was made (with a â€Å"forty-foot front†), had a good sense that people must consider the good of the many before they act for the few. It is his letter to Ann, in which he states he â€Å"can’t bear to live anymore†(83) because of what his father did, that brings everything crashing down around Keller. In the same way Larry’s memorial tree came crashing down and allowed more light to shine into the arbor, his letter shined light onto the true ways of the universe. Everything that Keller stood for, everything he believed in was wrong. He finally realized that he did a terrible thing that killed not only strangers, but people who were fathers, brothers, and sons. In essence, he killed the thing he lives for; he killed family. This revelation drives home the idea that justice will inevitably be brought to the wrong-doers. Keller’s karma comes back and makes him not only set everything right in the universe again but pay the ultimate price for his actions: death by his own hand. Chris, Ann, and Kate can now move forward, not bogged down by shame and guilt, and they can â€Å"live.†

Indian Wedding Clothes Essay

In India, the wedding rituals and clothes make the wedding as much as that of the bride and her groom. Both look their splendid best in gorgeous clothes. Not just the couple, but the guests attending the family and the relatives are often seen dressed up to the teeth. The bride is dressed up in auspicious colors, whereas the bridegroom is dressed to exude a regale aura. The bridesmaids and best men are often dressed in par with the bride and the groom. But they are toned down a bit because the day belongs to the couple. All the folks attending the marriage are decked up with gold jewelry including the bride and sometimes the groom. The ladies are additionally adorned with henna patterns all over their palms, hands, forearms, legs and feet. Sometimes henna patterns are replaced with alta designs which are short lived and easily removable. Indian wedding generally tend to continue for several days and new attire is worn each day. All these dresses and the color symbolize the meaning of marriage and the period that follows it. Indian wedding is one that gives more importance to details like different rituals and the various attires one wears to attend them. Hindu wedding Indian Hindu weddings continue for several days. India is a country that defines diversity and this is visible even in the wedding and its different styles. The ceremonies, the rituals, the formalities are all different between each region and culture. Unlike the Christians, Hindus wedding ceremony does not resemble the western marriages and are quite elaborate. In the North,Starting from the Tilak ceremony, each function has significance in the marriage. Tilak, Sangeet, Haldi, Baraat and the Shaadi, all necessitate the Bride and the bridegroom to wear new attire at each occasion.All these above ceremonies are known by different names in the other parts,e.g.:Simant puja in the west,or Mangalasnanam in the south and so on.But have got   he same significance all over. Bridegroom’s clothes Many communities of South,West and Eastern India still adhere to the traditional costumes,i.e. Dhoti,or sometimes Lungi,and Mundu by some communities of the South.Kurta or a shirt may be worn or sometimes just a Angavastram may be used to cover the chest. On the other hand in the Northern parts, bridegroom usually wears a Sherwani, Jodhpuri suit or a western suit. The groom’s face is covered with a veiled with a curtain of flowers which is called Sehra in the North,which is not the custom elsewhere. It is also customary to wear a Taqiyah all through the ceremony in Muslim marriages. Many prefer to wear a Kurta.Kurta can be worn with Salwar,or Dhoti. A dazzling series of ensemble for bridegrooms include majestic sherwani, blended Indo-western suit and ethnic Jodhpuri suit. The exquisite shirts, coats and jackets are designed with extra care and touch to bring out the magnanimity out of the bridegroom on the marriage day. Precious embellishments are studded into the collars and the cuffs of the bridegroom’s dress. Available both in simple cottons and splendid, royal raw silk, these Kurta Pyjamas are a preferred mostly by the bridegrooms. Bride’s clothes Christian Bride in wedding sari The bride wears a saree or a lehenga according to the region. Red is considered to be the most auspicious color in among Hindus. While the saree is preferred as the bridal dress in South India, West, East India, most brides of other parts of India prefer Lehenga, Gagra Choli and Odni as bridal dress. Christian wedding Christian marriage in India is mostly an adaption of western wedding ceremonies. Here the bridegroom wears a western suit or tuxedo. The Bride usually opts for a silk saree or a western gown. Bridesmaid and family While during a marriage function, the bride and the bridegroom take the centre stage, the bridesmaid takes over everyone off-stage. Dainty Lehenga Cholis in bright colors, long cholis for the conservative, authentic designer lehengas and readymade lehenga cholis are usually selected by the bridesmaid as wedding ensemble. Sometimes the bridesmaids wear sari rich in silk and embroidery. Delicately put together with alluring fabrics of bright and cheery colours, these Lehengas bring out the playful nature of the bridesmaid.

The Gaia Hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Gaia Hypothesis - Essay Example Founded and formulated in the 1960s by Dr James Lovelock while on a NASA project to detect any sign of life on the planet Mars, the Gaia hypothesis has created strong pro and anti lobbies. The pro-gaian discipline is euphoric in the belief that 'optimising gaian' principles could lead to 'enhancing environmental conditions to such an extent that they are optimal for life.' [Alex Kleidon, p3]. The anti-gaian detractors, on the other hand, are dismissive on the premise that the whole hypothesis is at best, an entertaining story. Their argument is weakened due to their inability or unwillingness to prove their point through research. In his treatise, 'The Gaia Hypothesis: Fact, Theory and Wishful Thinking,' James W Kirchner states, 'Biologically mediated feedbacks are not intrinsically homeostatic. Many of the biological mechanisms that affect global climate are destabilizing, and it is likely that the net effect of biological feedbacks will be to amplify, not dampen, global warming.' [Kirchner J W, p1] The natural tendency of the micro and macro organisms to manage any threat to the homogeneity of a region in relation to its environment is limited to its ability to survive and adept to its surrounding. Could it be of improvement or transformation as well Seen logically, it is not possible to conclusively determine the capability of the biota to rise to the occasion of performing an enhanced role of preparing to interact with a greater force when required to do so in a hostile environment. Within a limited time span, in a changing environ, is it possible for teleological mechanisms hidden somewhere in nature to perform an offensive, defensive, or catalytic role on behalf of the biota Discoveries in microbiology, bio-ecology, and biota inspire awe and reverence. But these are not sufficient to draw conclusions on theories that require scientific testing and approvals. Perhaps the logic lies in the argument that 'it is one thing to say that we benefit from the environmental services that our ecosystem provides, and entirely another to say that our environment is in any sense tailored to our needs.' [Kirchen J W, p8] Other variables The forms of life in a given environment is best suited to recycle its own form due to several other factors, viz. climatic conditions peculiar to the region, its actions and reactions to the vagaries of nature, and taken to extremes, it does appear capable to rebound with much greater vigour. However, it is inconceivable by any stretch of imagination, that the biota and its environment hold secret codes to ensure a perennial survival or a revolutionary transformation mutually beneficial to each other in the face of annihilating circumstances. There isn't any evidence to show that organisms have the inherent capability to alter the environment for their own benefit. Can organisms alter the environment The temptation to draw such a conclusion is inevitable given the fact that the Gaia hypothesis has used terminologies

Book Review of Robert Klitgaard's Tropical Gangsters Essay

Book Review of Robert Klitgaard's Tropical Gangsters - Essay Example The book tells the story of the author who, equipped with his surfboard and a $10-million-dollar loan from the World Bank, makes an attempt to rehabilitate the ruined economy of Equatorial Guinea, one of the most backward countries in the world. Robert Klitgaard, a Harvard-trained economist, in the story, deals with several important questions which are relevant to much of the world. "As in most other countries carrying out free market reforms, Equatorial Guinea's leaders have not always known quite how to make the new strategy work - or, in some cases, whether they should really try. This ignorance and reluctance, though extreme, are in many ways prototypical, and they raise general questions. How does one go about assessing an economy's strengths and weaknesses How does one go about developing the institutions needed to make free markets work And how can one help recalcitrant, inefficient, sometimes corrupt government move forward" (Klitgaard, ix-x) Apart from these essential quest ions, the author also deals with the important role of international aid which further gives rise to new questions. Thus, the author investigates the creative possibilities and inherent limitations of outside assistance, the tensions between aid and dependency, between benevolence and autonomy, and the possible ways of action in this context. In the context of economic and political changes taking place in Africa, Robert Klitgaard is engaged in a fascinating and compelling account of his two-and-a-half-year adventure in Equatorial Guinea and it provides an insightful explanation of why foreign aid often fails to achieve its goals. In the book Tropical Gangsters: One Man's Experience with Development and Decadence in Deepest Africa, Klitgaard, who is the former head of a multi-million dollar economic development program in the Equatorial Guinea, convincingly gives an account of his struggles against government corruption, capitalist adventures, and bankrupt economic theories. The narrator was sent as an economist-consultant to Equatorial Guinea, a small West African nation which is one of the poorest countries of the world, by the World Bank in 1985. Klitgaard has been highly effective in blending his personal reminiscence and economic analysis in his engaging memoir of his two-and-a-half-year struggle to rehabilitate the local economy. In the background of the modern tendency to move toward the free market across the world, the author suggests how the countries of Africa welcomed free market for economic development. "Africa has been the vanguard of a worldwide movement away from state-controlled economies and toward the free market. For years the prevailing wisdom concerning economic development advocated an interventionist state. Government should be the mobilizers and managers of resources. In contrast, the new movement says that the private sector is the key to economic growth, and downplays the state's role as mobilizer and manager." (Klitgaard, 7) Thus, the author deals with the various aspects of the backward economies of the African countries and he makes exceptional note of lethargy, corruption, and adventurism as the basic issues affecting the progress of these economies. In his analyses of the economic problems facing Equatorial Guinea, Klitgaard focuses on cogent and convincing issues such imports outstripping exports, lack

What role did popular music play in the American civil rights movement Essay

What role did popular music play in the American civil rights movement Your answer should include at least two case studies which connect musicians to particular historical events of the 1950s or 1960s - Essay Example It will be vital to mention that the Civil Rights Movement, which took place during the time of 1960’s, was more closely related to music as compared to other American based social movements held in the stated period. In this similar context, it can be apparently observed that certain prisoners sung freedom songs for keeping up their spirits in gaining national freedom. Apart from this, various folksingers, including blacks as well as whites, wrote songs about various themes related to the Civil Rights Movement. These themes were ascertained to be pains, paradoxes and racist activities among others. Thus, with this concern, it can be affirmed that the connection of music with the Civil Rights Movement is much apparent during the episode of 1960’s (RRAS, n.d.). In relation to the above context, the essay intends to discuss and analyse the role that popular music played in the American Civil Rights Movement. In the circumstance of explaining the role played by popular music in the American Civil Rights Movement, certain popular music genres in the period of 1960’s were found to exist. In this similar context, the popular music genres that persisted during the period of 1960’s were Acapella, Motown/R&B, British Invasion, Roots Rock and Hard Rock, Folk Rock and Protest Music and Surf Rock and Psychedelic Rock. The popular music genre of British Invasion comprised certain pop artists as well as rock brands belonging to Britain that presented certain American pop and rock songs. Such artists were reckoned as The Beatles, Donovan, The Animals, The Kinks and Dusty Springfield among others. Specially mentioning, Motown/R&B acted as one of the most popular music genres, which had importance in the Civil Rights Movement. The importance of this particular popular music genre could be determined based on the efforts made by the same in integrating American community during the

The point of making people and organizations more accountable Essay

The point of making people and organizations more accountable - Essay Example This is because there are the stakeholders who need current information on the status of their concerns. For example, in an international session that looked at accountability across all sectors involved in HIV, including community, government and UN, a reporter reported that - The movement is now fragmented. There are some new voices but it's not representative of everyone. And ever since treatment became accessible, the sense of urgency is lost. Many activists who were fighting for their lives have now gone on medication and gone back to having full time jobs (Narayanan, 2006). One strong point of making people and organizations more accountable is that people's ability to realise their rights to resources have increased (Newell &Wheeler, 2006b). Accordingly more responsive institutions enable people to gain access to resources, equipping them with legal frameworks, citizen engagements, understanding of accountability, and state-market relations. Citizens are taught a range of informal and formal strategies to demand accountability, too. Another reason in making people and organizations more accountable is to fight the perception that the organization is illegitimate. Therefore, organizations, especially those international in scope, need to increase transparency, improve accountability, and think harder about norms for global governance (Nye, 2001). By increasing visibility, criticism may be minified (Lloyd & de Las Casas, 2005). It cannot also be discounted that some organizations are speaking up on behalf of marginalized communities and have facilitated the participation of these communities in such matters as HIV/AIDS response (Code of Good Practice, 2004). There are questions then about the quality and accountability of programmes being delivered by some organizations. NGOs are said to have lacked resources, technical skills or experience, and this has implications for the quality of programming, monitoring and evaluation of these programmes (Code of Good Practice, 2004). The truth is that not everyone benefits equally from programmes so that attention has to be given to issues of intra-community accountability, adequate channels of representation, and new mechanisms for inclusion and participation (Newell & Wheeler, 2006b). This sense of community as a reason for accountability was also emphasized by Johnsson (1996). Another is that while markets have bonded people together, environmental, social, and political interdependence have also increased (Nye, 2001). There is concern that humanitarian agencies have no accepted body of professional standards to guide their work, especially when new ones are coming into the humanitarian sector. A truism is that whether experienced or newly-created, humanitarian assistance agencies could make mistakes, be misguided or sometimes misuse the trust placed in them (Borton, 1994). Moreover, any allocation of resources needs guidance (Code of Good Practice, 2004). There is also the need for donors to be more accountable to those they aim to support and those they press to reform (Newell & Wheeler, 2006b). History is replete with peoples' fight from developing countries with country borrowings with the World Bank and IMF. Indeed, rational behaviour (Olson et al, 1998) is one point of making

No topic needed this is part of paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No topic needed this is part of - Research Paper Example This amount then helps in developing an economic structure so that the investor can afford the health expenditures in the future. Thus, the person plays a safe game by being insured. But lately, because of the recession, many people living in the United States have become unemployed because of which they are unable to renew their insurance packages. Secondly, uninsured people usually go to any physician irrespective of his expertise in the field. These physicians have no previous medical records of the person under treatment, thus they are not specialized in prescribing any sort of drugs to the person. When people intake wrong drugs, they risk their lives in the process. Wrong treatment results in side reactions, births of new diseases and outbursts of epidemics. Other than the doctor, the local government has to face all these troubles and allegations as well. When payment regarding the health insurance is not made, the cost incurred is to be covered by the hospitals of the health institutions. This results in the medical services deteriorating. Health problems are more prevalent in insured people than the insured ones. This is because the uninsured individuals resort to implementing on the medical advice taken from the local doctors. Or they try to treat themselves without any professional advice whatsoever which leads to chronic illnesses. Recent calculations show that 2 million uninsured individuals have been told that they have arthritis, 1.8 million have asthma and 1.3 million have chronic bronchitis. An additional 613,000 people have diabetes and a further 615,000 have cancer. These findings are evidence of the fact that uninsured people bear a greater risk of falling prey to chronic and deep-rooted illnesses, which is a bigger threat to the health of the nation as a whole. Many people – the number is unknown - suffer from a particular illness so they are uninsurable. One way of solving the problem of

Managing financial resources and decisions Essay

Managing financial resources and decisions - Essay Example Broadly, the types of sources of finance are divided into two categories namely: 1. Internal sources of finance 2. External sources of finance Different types of business have different sources of funds. The most common types of business are: sole trader, partnership, public limited company, and private limited company. Sole Trader: This form of business consists of one individual owner who is legally not disconnected from the business. But the company and personal accounts are separated. The internal sources of funds for this type of business only include the sale of the goods and stocks. This source of finance is short term as the money from sales of goods is first used for covering the operating expenses of the company (Arnold, 2008). On the other hand, the external sources of finance available to sole trader consist of different loans from banks or venture capitalists. This also includes secured loans, leases, and grants from government. The sale of the goods and stocks is only b eneficial in the short term, however the loans from banks can be beneficial for the sole trader for long term financing. The venture capitalists demand for high interest rates (Gitman, 2003). ... Private Limited Company: In this form of the business, the shares of the business are sold on private basis only by the consent of the board of directors. This type of business is normally popular for the family businesses. The organisation has control over the distribution of the shares and can decide who can own the shares of the company. Private limited company has more long term internal sources of funds. The company can sale the shares and also assets in order to raise finance. Along with this the directors of the company can also decide to issue new shares. The external sources of funds available for the private limited company includes: debentures, loans from banks, grants from government, and also funds from venture capitalists (Khan, 1993). The internal sources of funds like sale of shares can result in diluting the ownership of the organisation. The grants from government can be beneficial for long term financing (Gitman, 2003). P2: IMPLICATIONS OF THE DIFFERENT SOURCES OF FINANCE: Different sources of finance have different implications associated with them. For instance, the option of issuing new shares for the private limited company can result in diluting the ownership of the organisation. Also, different external sources of finance have different implications and influence on the business. All external sources of finance results in increasing the short term and long term liabilities of the company. The internal sources of funds can be beneficial for the private limited companies in the long run but the sole traders and partnership forms cannot use internal sources for the long term objectives and aims (Atkinson, Kaplan, Matsumura, & Young, 2007). P3: EVALUATION OF THE APPROPRIATE SOURCES OF

Mental Health Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mental Health Article Analysis - Essay Example ly childhood has direct bearing on development factors later in the child’s life; as a result, more research is needed to investigate the interrelationship between these variables. The study found that boys indicated more statistically significant levels of later life external mal-adaptations than girls (d = 0.35 vs d = 0.03). The reasons for this occurrence may be because of biological issues related to gender, or that girls tend towards internalization of problems instead of externalization. Other arguments were that, â€Å"the reasons were not seeing differences is that were looking in the wrong place, and that girls have other problems..such as depression and anxiety.† While the researchers also acknowledge that the studies may not adequately account for genetic factors, they contend that there is a clear environmental correlation between insecure maternal attachment and later day externalization of maladaptive behavior. The parent’s mental health is also another variable that must be investigated as it may possibly contribute to the external behaviors. It seems that future research must investigate the underlining causes of insecure parental attachment. The research seems to predominantly place the agency on the child when it seems that the emphasis should be on everything except this variable. It’s also possible that these external behaviors are not direct an aspect of insecure attachment, but merely

Is European foreign policy workable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Is European foreign policy workable - Essay Example Other civilizations were characterized as having achieved the phase of development which Europe itself had already passed - for instance, hunting-gathering; farming; early civilization; feudalism; contemporary liberal-capitalism. Europe was the only part of the world which had reached the last phase. Hence, Europe was always believed to be responsible for technological, cultural and scientific progress which are the parts of the contemporary world. Moreover, scientific principles developed for better understanding the world were thought to have replaced certain religious doctrines with respect to the pure logic of European science. The degree to which the world science 'belongs' to Europe is still debated. Furthermore, it would be important to refer to Marx (Smith, Sandholtz, 1995), who studied the issue carefully. In his opinion, European hadn't had any innate superiority, but he nonetheless claimed that European model of the world is followed in many other countries and is characterized as a pattern of scientific attitude towards the world in whole. Europe was the place, where the world 'policy' emerged - in particular, the Ancient Greece, where policy was a main model of governing. Other writers explored certain issues and aspects of European hegemony, for instance, the development of trade and the issue of imperialism. "By the late 19th Century the theory that European achievements arose from innate racial superiority became widespread: justifying slavery and other forms of political and economic exploitation, even being used to validate genocide" (Ginsberg and Smith, 2005, p.41). Europe, where the phenomenon of policy emerged, is probably the conceptual political center of the world - this fact can be exemplified by a number of international organizations, which determine European foreign policy and influence each European country in pacrticular. Nowadays, European foreign policy is a subject of numerous discussions, since it seems controversial due to the number of organizations created in Europe over the last few decades. The greatest and most influential international political organization is European Union. The main values of European Union were clarified by Michael Emerson, who influenced the upgrade of European Constitutional Treaty. The treaty is directed to achieving a stronger position in the European Union with respect to the 'high' world politics. European Constitutional Treaty has already been ratified by twenty-five member states of the union.According to the Constitutional Treaty, Emerson draws out the ten standards of European Union. The great est values include the domination of democracy, rule of law and human rights; the 'four freedoms' (basic human freedoms) (Smith, Crowe, 2006). Furthermore, Emerson highlights the importance of social cohesion, the abhorrence of nationalism, multi-tier governance, stable economic growth, multiculturalism, multilateralism and secularity of governance (IGCC Policy Paper No. 52, 2000). Among the

Classical music Essay Example for Free

Classical music Essay It is Saturday March 1 2008 and I have woken with an excited feeling in my stomach. Today, I am being treated to something I have never experienced before and I am looking forward to what is in store. My father, is taking me to a classical concert. I am 18 years old and big band music is not really my style, I appreciate music but of the modern variety rather than the old school kind. My father loves classical music and plays it constantly in his study. His favourite composer is Leonard Bernstein so it is today, with great animation, he is taking me to encounter his love of this music. We are attending the Waukegan Concert Chorus which is at 624 Douglas Ave, Illinois, the concert is a tribute to Bernstein Williams; namely, In Remembrance of Bernstein Williams. My father assures me that although my liking of music may not be to his taste, I will go away from the concert feeling uplifted and appreciative of what I have heard. Our journey takes us to Waukegan during the early evening and as we approach the venue I can feel a buzz in the air. Other attendees are heading towards the seating area and as my father and I locate where we are sitting, I am somewhat satisfied that we have seats near to the front. My father explained in the car, on the way, even though it is the music you are listening to, it is also just as important to watch the performance. Before me is a huge orchestra; perhaps the biggest I have ever seen, not that I have seen many. There is a plethora of various noises coming from the ensemble and as each musician tunes in their instrument and plays small excerpts from their music stand, it is perhaps unbelievable that any kind of harmony will occur at all. However, the moment the conductor enters the room, there is an eerie silence, almost as if someone had turned the musicians off by a control button. The conductor is a gentleman who turns to his audience and bows his head, turning and repeating this gesture to his orchestra. As the first piece of music is played I feel myself vibrating with the enormity of the noise. For many years I have heard my father’s classical records being played from behind the study door but to be present at a live performance was truly exhilarating. One of my favourites in terms of familiarity was West Side Story. The introduction sounded amazing; upbeat and vibrant, the instruments seemed almost alive. Even closing my eyes, which I actually did, I could hear each piece of equipment as it was used. The brass and woodwind instrumentalists brought intrigue and manoeuvre to the story of the piece being played whilst the drums added the extra element of spirit in the arrangement. Despite the variety of instruments played and the different roles they played within the piece, the unity came together with such an intensity, I was taken aback by its impact. The formation and structure of the concert allowed me to lose myself within the music, it was almost as if I were watching the musical itself. This perhaps was the purpose of the concert itself, it worked with an effortless outcome. As the flutes and violins played ‘I Feel Pretty’, I felt almost compelled to stand up and sing as the notes poured through the air. The tempo was light in places and amplified in others; the exaggeration of drama was as apparent as the subtlety of tenderness applied to the nature of the story. Its volume was deafening yet tolerable as each instrument alerted itself naturally within the composition. On occasion I did look around at other spectators, like moths to a flame, transfixed faces and total satisfaction and appreciation of what was before and around them. I did relate to this. As the concert came to an end, I did feel somewhat saddened that it was all over. The climax of the music was a crescendo of brilliance and I am pleased to say, my father’s original prediction of how I would feel, was absolutely correct. I felt euphoric and inspired by such a performance. I had attended the concert with an open mind and allowed myself to absorb the instruments intentions; I felt all the raw emotions of West Side Story and even the pieces of music played I had heard for the first time, still brought me a sense of appreciation.

Financial strain Essay Example for Free

Financial strain Essay I agree with the need of practicing consistency in the physician’s clinics. Evidence-based practice is a very useful tool and is something that is highly recommended to be integrated into the daily clinical practice like in the high quality care of diabetes. Diabetes at present ranks seventh as a primary reason of death in the first world countries and in the United States, for example, costs approximately more than $132 billion annually in healthcare and is still expected to rise yearly to as much as $192 billion in 2020 (Molinaro, 2008). This financial strain in the healthcare system could have been one of the triggers why the American Diabetes Association launched the Diabetes Physicians Recognition Program (DPRP) as a tool in effectively addressing this disease. The management of diabetes is important in the children population as well since it affects not only their health and safety but also their emotional and intellectual growth (Meyers, 2005). Like any other program that is put in place, the challenge always lies in sustaining them after they are implemented. Although the new process of diabetes check for every office visit demands longer time for both the patients and mid level providers, parties involved should be constantly reminded that this preventative program would ultimately benefit everyone by the early detection of diabetes and resultantly, its proactive treatment and prevention. The physician of the practice should be reminded that a lot of effort and resources were expended in getting the DPRP accreditation and implementing its various elements and processes are vital in making the program effective and achieve its desired end. Early intervention of the practice physician to ensure compliance of mid level providers is required to continuously sustain the program. This would set the example for patients to also do their part in ensuring that they also comply with requirements. References Biotech Week (11/Mar/2009). Bone Research: Research from the University of Ferrara. Bone Research Area. Profitt, W. (2000). Masters of esthetic dentistry: The soft tissue paradigm in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry, 12, 86. Meyers, Laurie. (2005). Safe at school: Treating Diabetes in the Classroom. Diabetes Forecast, 5, 44. Molinaro, R. J. (2008). Targeting HbA1c: standardization and clinical laboratory measurement. Medical Laboratory Observer, 40 (1), p. 10.

An Overview Of Marriott International Information Systems Essay

An Overview Of Marriott International Information Systems Essay In total, Marriott operates hotels under fourteen different brands, with four brands in full-service lodging, three in select-service lodging, three in extended-stay lodging and four in timeshare. This extensive accommodation portfolio is combined with a synthetic fuel production facility, which Marriott operates as a joint venture. (Global Market Information Database, 2005) Given the wide size and scope of Marriotts operations around the globe, information systems are vital to the smooth running of Marriotts hotel operations, thus this piece will examine how they have fit into such a diverse portfolio. Introduction Many business organisations in todays information age have holistic, broad views of business operations, and tailor them to accommodate the different types of individual business units or operations within their portfolio. In the past, companies were relatively self-contained and information management was straightforward, but the diverse business needs of the modern environment, including strategy formulation, process definition, product portfolio definition and construction, capital equipment ownership, technology, infrastructure and operations can no longer be kept on such a tight rein as many companies held them a decade ago. (Olson, 2005) The way enterprises manage their operations has been changed, in fundamental ways, by the information age, and these new approaches are applied by corporations to strategically manage operations and diverse portfolios with virtually every new initiative, whether it is internal transformation, where direct control of risk factors is very high but technology is new; with partners, where direct control over risk factors is shared; or with other stakeholders where direct control over risk factors is often very low. As such, it is important that diverse, multinational operators, such as Marriott International, have solid, manageable information systems in place, to better enable them to manage their diverse operations and investments. As such, this piece aims to use various sources of secondary research to analyse some of the systems Marriott International uses to manage its hotel and catering operations information across its global hotel holdings. Procedure / Research My primary method of research has been to use online databases, such as EBSCO host, MINTEL and Euromonitor, to find relevant articles, both on the use of information systems in business operations in general, and more specifically on the use of information systems within Marriott Internationals business model. One of the main, and most well known, uses of information systems by Marriott International is its focus on technology initiatives to boost the companys sales. In order to accomplish this, the company has implemented a detailed customer-relationship management package from Siebel Systems Inc., and engaged in a plan to upgrade its central reservations, revenue and property management systems, allowing customers to view and book rooms online. (Rosen, 2001) Another, less well know and less obvious area where Marriott International uses information systems is across its many in house catering departments. To aid with this, the company has completed a rollout of the ChefTec recipe management, food costing and inventory system, a Windows-based platform developed by Culinary Software Services Inc. Marriott International corporate executive chef Peter DAndrea expressed enthusiasm with the new system and discussed the operators previous menu management process. (Nations Restaurant News, 1999) For example, the system means that recipes can be converted automatically from domestic, to metric scales, to imperial amounts in the United Kingdom, where Marriott has many properties. The operator also has versions of software in several languages, including English, Spanish and German, and is working on one in Mandarin Chinese. Marriott also added its own glossary of culinary terms, optimum cooking times for off-used foods and a year-round planning feature, which helps chefs with seasonal menus; for example it informs them that March is the peak month for asparagus. Denver-based Culinary Software Services also worked closely with Marriott to cull about 2,500 of its recipes and 500 pictures and replicate them onto CD-ROMs, which were be distributed to more than 400 of Marriotts full-service hotels in the United States and abroad. (Nations Restaurant News, 1999) Taking advantage of ChefTecs core and advanced features, Marriott International also will be able to do the following: organize inventories based on bids from multiple vendors; search for recipes by ingredients, categories and names; attach photographs and video files to recipes; and save recipes in the hypertext markup language, which will allow chefs to distribute them over the Internet. Findings / Analysis In the context of the hotel industry, computers and information systems do three things very well, all of which are important in the hotel and catering industry. One, they handle large amounts of data. Two, they communicate at the speed of light. And three, they follow rules. (Hamstra, 1997) These factors are hugely important when managing a 3,000 hotel portfolio across seventy countries around the world. Not only must information, including booking and reservation data, be shared quickly with all other properties, but it must also be accurate, and in line with the companys overall strategy. Toward that end, the company has recently tested an Intranet prototype called Oasis, which is designed to give unit-level managers instant access to the information they need to run their locations, and manage relationships with their customers. (Rosen, 2001) Accounting is one of the more obvious areas in which technology has an impact on Marriott operations, as although most units have typically been equipped with basic software programs, much like small businesses, over eighty percent of period-end transactions are now handled electronically by year-end. (Rosen, 2001) The company is about halfway through its rollout of the Xcellenet system, which allows operators at the unit level to download software from corporate headquarters and to digitally transmit accounting reports via phone lines. However, the company keeps a wary eye on its technology expenditures, often using existing technologies longer than other businesses would. Although the entire Marriott organization spent $100 million on technology in 1997 (Hamstra, 1997), the lodging side of the company generally has the greatest need for the most advanced systems in its global hotel network. Often systems are tested and implemented in the lodging division before being adopted by the catering and other departments. In human resources, Marriott is putting advanced technology to use both in recruiting and training, including the companys Alexus system, which uses laser-scanning technology for the electronic storage of resumes, which can be accessed via the Internet by human resources personnel. When a position needs to be filled, Alexus automatically sorts through the resumes in its database to display those that represent the most qualified applicants. The company also sees a bright future for its CD-ROM interactive training program, which was developed in-house (Rosen, 2001). The product, which is used in conjunction with workbooks, gives unit-level managers an orientation to Marriott International, and subsequent segments in the series provide training in such areas as conducting pre-shift meetings, planning a menu and arranging reservations. Although Marriott is still in the early stages of the rollout of this technology: as of 2001, the second CD in the series was in a 40-unit test and the third was in a five-unit test, the company had already achieved significant time savings in training through use of the program, according to Fran Szabo, director of interactive training at MMS. (Rosen, 2001) The companys information systems and technology are also reaching the stage when they can be used to enhance the services the company provides to its business clients. The same employees who eat in the company cafeteria may someday be able to click on an icon on their computer screen that allows them to order food to take home or to gain access to other services, such as car detailing, and business clients who like the recipes served in the restaurant may be able to do likewise. Technology also plays a role in food production, with about 20 percent of the companys units using some form of automation in the production process, primarily in menu control. Here, however, the fundamental stumbling block will be in following rules: If somebody says, My moms apple pie is better than the standard recipe, then the next thing you know, youve got 120 different recipes for apple pie and you lose your procurement leverage. (Hamstra, 1997) Another massive impact of information systems on Marriotts business is the impact of providing free-to-guest internet access technology on the hoteliers revenue. When this technology first came on the scene, hoteliers saw it as an opportunity for revenue generation, however as time progressed, it became a necessity for guests, as well as part of the strategy to create exceptional value. For instance, at Marriott International Inc.s Courtyard and SpringHill Suites brands, guests are taking advantage of the high-speed Internet access service for more than just electronic-mail. They are accessing digital music and other types of digital content, and Marriott is currently responsible for the costs of this. (Shaw, 2005) However, as reliable, free to guest internet access becomes more and more of a requirement for guests, Marriott is being forced to build these costs into its business model, and thus is able to take a more holistic approach to customer information technology and systems across its business. This enables Marriott to gain supply chain leverage in this area, thus reducing the costs of information systems and Internet access across the group as a whole. Conclusions and recommendations By aligning the IT strategy with the business strategy over the past three years, Marriotts senior management has grown to consider technology as an investment rather than an expense. The concept of assigning a business lead and an IT lead to all major projects that are technology-enabled starts at the executive level (Computerworld, 2001), and executive decision-making meetings, such as Marriotts Business Strategy Review, e-Business Council and Digital Business Strategy, are all cross-functional and co-led. As a result, IT better understands and supports Marriotts business strategy, and business executives have a much better understanding of what technology can and cant do. This provides Marriott with a sustainable competitive advantage. CIO Magazine named Marriott International to its Top 100 list for the fifth time. Marriott is the only hotel on the list, which recognizes organizations for excellence in information technology. (Lodging Hospitality, 2004) Marriotts presence on this list clearly demonstrates the companys commitment to developing its information systems, and using them to support its business. Given that Marriotts revenue grew by 44% between 1999 and 2004, and profits grew by 49% over the same period (Global Market Information Database, 2005) at the time of the companys latest investments in information systems, it is clear from this that information systems are vital to the smooth running of a major multinational hotel operation and, indeed, this provides evidence that information systems are vital for any major business operation. Also, in order to further growth, Marriott is likely to focus strongly on international expansion, which is crucial, as Marriotts portfolio is currently highly reliant on US hotel sales. As a result, Marriott must focus on developing the speed and accuracy of its information systems to facilitate this growth, and stay in its current, market leading, position. References Computerworld (2001) In their own voices. Vol. 35, Issue 13, p. 42. Global Market Information Database (2005) Marriott International Inc. Euromonitor International. Hamstra, M. (1997) Marriott finds no cookie-cutter solutions for technology. Nations Restaurant News; Vol. 31, Issue 10, p. 110. Lodging Hospitality. (2004) Tech Bytes. Vol. 60, Issue 13, p. 54. Nations Restaurant News (1999) Marriott Internationals ChefTec makes recipe filing a snap. Vol. 33, Issue 20, p. 86. Olson, E. G. (2005) Strategically managing risk in the information age: a holistic approach. Journal of Business Strategy; Vol. 26, Issue 6, p. 45. Rosen, C. (2001) Marriott Uses CRM Application To Boost Sales. InformationWeek; Issue 843, p. 73. Shaw, R. (2005) Free-to-guest services migrate from revenue streams. Hotel Motel Management; Vol. 220, Issue 18, p. 26.

The Stinky Cheese Man & Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka :: Childrens Literature

The Stinky Cheese Man & Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka Once upon a time there was a story called "The Gingerbread Man" and a little girl who loved to hear the story every night at bedtime. Each night at bedtime, the little girl's kind father would tell the story to his little girl. He knew how much his daughter loved the story and so he was happy to tell the story over and over and over again, well ... almost. One night when the dad, whose name was Jon, was asked for the fifty gazillionth time to hear "The Gingerbread Man" story, a funny thought occurred to him. This time he would instead tell the story of the Stinky Cheese Man making it up as he went along. Well the little girl was certainly surprised by the new twist on her favorite tale. Instead of protesting and insisting that her dad go back to telling the story the way she'd always known and loved it, she simply laughed and listened contently to this new version which she proceeded to request night after night. Little did Jon Scieszka know, but his gift for re-inventing bedtime sto ries would lead to many more adventures in story telling. That's right, "The Gingerbread Man" story was not the only story twisted by Mr. Scieszka. With the help of his side-kick and illustrator Lane Smith, Jon Scieszka has made an entire book out of his unusual versions of favorite fairy tales. Perhaps you'd like to hear the tale? Our story begins with the duo's first big hit, a twisted tale called The True Story of the 3 Little Pigs. As the book grew in popularity, Scieszka and Smith began to receive many invitations to speak at schools about their story. The only problem was, that even though they were able to keep their audience entertained with their humor, they only had the one book to talk about and soon realized that they needed more material. (Marcus 2) One day Scieszka brought along a folder of his old fairy tales that he'd played around with and can you guess what happened next? The Stinky Cheese Man suddenly had a whole new audience- and not just at bedtime anymore! Only now that a few years had gone by he had lots of friends with him. There was Cinderumplestiltskin, Little Red Running Shorts, Jack from "Jack and the Beanstalk," and even more twisted fairy tale characters than you could count with the fingers on your ten toes. The Stinky Cheese Man & Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka :: Children's Literature The Stinky Cheese Man & Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka Once upon a time there was a story called "The Gingerbread Man" and a little girl who loved to hear the story every night at bedtime. Each night at bedtime, the little girl's kind father would tell the story to his little girl. He knew how much his daughter loved the story and so he was happy to tell the story over and over and over again, well ... almost. One night when the dad, whose name was Jon, was asked for the fifty gazillionth time to hear "The Gingerbread Man" story, a funny thought occurred to him. This time he would instead tell the story of the Stinky Cheese Man making it up as he went along. Well the little girl was certainly surprised by the new twist on her favorite tale. Instead of protesting and insisting that her dad go back to telling the story the way she'd always known and loved it, she simply laughed and listened contently to this new version which she proceeded to request night after night. Little did Jon Scieszka know, but his gift for re-inventing bedtime sto ries would lead to many more adventures in story telling. That's right, "The Gingerbread Man" story was not the only story twisted by Mr. Scieszka. With the help of his side-kick and illustrator Lane Smith, Jon Scieszka has made an entire book out of his unusual versions of favorite fairy tales. Perhaps you'd like to hear the tale? Our story begins with the duo's first big hit, a twisted tale called The True Story of the 3 Little Pigs. As the book grew in popularity, Scieszka and Smith began to receive many invitations to speak at schools about their story. The only problem was, that even though they were able to keep their audience entertained with their humor, they only had the one book to talk about and soon realized that they needed more material. (Marcus 2) One day Scieszka brought along a folder of his old fairy tales that he'd played around with and can you guess what happened next? The Stinky Cheese Man suddenly had a whole new audience- and not just at bedtime anymore! Only now that a few years had gone by he had lots of friends with him. There was Cinderumplestiltskin, Little Red Running Shorts, Jack from "Jack and the Beanstalk," and even more twisted fairy tale characters than you could count with the fingers on your ten toes.

Scouts Learning Experiences in To Kill a Mockingbird Essays -- Englis

Scout's Learning Experiences in To Kill a Mockingbird In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout learns valuable lessons on the evil of prejudice present in her Southern town of Maycomb, on the true nature of courage, and on the dangers of judging others before "...climbing into their skin and walking around in it." Set in the mid 1930s, Scout Finch is a young girl living with her older brother, Jem, and her lawyer father. Being a kid, Scout has the simple duties of a minor, to have fun and to stay out of trouble. But along the way, she also learns many important things. Although the majority of her hometown is prejudiced, Scout's innocent mind remains non prejudice and caring of others. To her, all is equal, so therefore, should be treated equal. There is no doubt that Scout's character is one whom is an individual, someone whom will stick to her own perspective no matter how cruel and racist other people can be. In her adult world, Scout learns to treat all people fairly with dignity and respect. One of the most important role models in Scout's life, is her father, Atticus. Atticus is a small town lawyer who deals with a very tough case involving a black man and his rights. Although Atticus is a single father, he manages to teach his children right from wrong. He makes it a common practice to live his life as he would like his children to live theirs, and therefore displays the characteristics of an honest, respectable, and kind man. Atticus demonstrates his feelings for...

Shindlers List :: essays research papers

Through out the movie Shindlers List many changes take place. These changes happen in both society and in certain people. During WWII the German Nazi regime enslaved the Jewish communities on Europe. They were used as slave labor or were executed if seen unfit. Even though these atrocities were taking place on a daily basis some people tried to help the Jewish community. Isaac Stern was a member of the Jewish community and he wanted to help his people out as much as possible. He was a great accountant but because of his heritage he wouldn’t be allowed any form of power in Germany. For this he needed Oscar Shindler. Shindler was a very influential person and was very friendly. Even in the beginning of the movie he was able to walk into a room of German officers and walk out best friends with all of them. He was just the kind of man Stern needed. He needed someone with connections in the German government. Shindler may have had all of the connections but he had no money to invest into his business ventures. He spoke to Stern and they agreed upon a deal. Stern and other wealthy Jews would provide the funding and Shindler would provide the connections in the military in order to keep Jews safe in Shindlers factories. In the beginning Stern and Shindlers opinions of each other were strictly business. Both knew what hey had to do and they got the job done. But as time went on both men became very good friends. Shindler offered a drink to Stern after the deal was completed, stern refused it. Stern was under the impression that Shindler was just another Nazi taking advantage of his people. Shindler though that Stern was just another Jew. They both had stereotypes on each other. As they worked more closely together for longer and longer it became apparent that they had great admiration for each other and they both new what a horrible thing the Germans were doing. Later on in the move when they believe they will be separated Stern finally takes that drink from Shindler. A â€Å"master image† from this movie is when the little boy hides in the stalls. It shows very well to what lengths a person would go to survive. When it came down to it everyone that was in his position would do the same in order to make it out alive.

Performance Metrics Case State: All State Insurance

Allstate Insurance Company intertwines business goals with performance metrics. Goal setting is an ongoing part of striving to become successful and happy in life. When an individual achieves a goal, another one is set to accomplish next. Goals are personal and professional and the latter determines the longitude and latitude of a chosen career path. Organizations set goals for all levels of the company, from business units to individual contributors. The successful attainment of these goals determines if it is profitable year over year. Using the model for goal setting, evaluate Allstate’s goal setting process to determine whether or not Allstate has an effective goal-setting program. The goal-setting model has 4 aspects used to motivate employees. They include direct focus on high priorities, regulate effort, increase persistence, and create strategies and programs to achieve goals (Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. 2011). Allstate has a very effective goal setting program in place. One part of their program is to correlate manager’s pay to company’s goals. They use an online employee survey and feedback tool as the measurement. This practice touches on all four parts of the goal setting model. It forces the managers to maintain focus on the company’s diversity goals, while encouraging them to identify areas of opportunities and potential solutions. Allstate also has programs to support professional and career path development to provide individuals with the necessary knowledge and ability to achieve performance goals in each position. Discuss the competitive advantage Allstate has from the development of the Diversity Index. The index sets Allstate apart from its competitor’s at the most important level, the human level. Allstate uses it to ensure diversity inside the organization so they can understand and respect the diversity of their clients. The company’s vision states differences are a competitive edge (Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. 2011). An organization must be a reflection of the communities it serves. A global market requires organizations to have a diverse staff and understanding of multiple cultures. Allstate’s diversity index provides such an advantage over companies who have yet to embrace cultural differences. Recommend the types of high-performance reward system Allstate should use to motivate its employees to reach its diversity goals. The company should use profit-sharing and culture and reward systems to motivate its employees to reach its diversity goals. Profit-sharing reinforces the team based performance rewards. This type of rewards displays the company’s recognition of each individual contribution to the bottom line. The culture and reward system is based on the employee’s culture. It recognizes the diversity at the employee level. It is based on cultural values to motivate performance (Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. 2011). This makes the reward specific to the culture and recognizes diversity inside the organization. If you were an Allstate employees, discuss whether or not you would be motivated by the Diversity Index and QLMS. Provide a detailed explanation. The Quarterly Leadership Measurement System (QLMS) and Diversity Index would motivate me. It is taken twice a year and analyzed to identify issues and make appropriate changes in processes and performance. One reason it is motivating is a percentage of the merit pay is determined by the results. Another factor is the behavior specific questions asked to all employees in the index. The focus on the results and frequency of the surveys prove it’s a high company priority. It can be perceived that noncompliance would have a negative impact on employment and advancement opportunities. It encourages consistent behavior that coincides with the diversity goals of the organization. Ultimately, diversity is part of the American culture. The citizens of this country are from all over the world. There is a global consumer base here in this society. Allstate is a leader in business because they are socially responsible. Allstate requires its employees to maintain a work environment which embraces diversity. This business strategy will maintain their competitive advantage in the market.

Father Flynn’s Parables Essay

stimulate Flynn has a talent for utter a parable. He is forcefully vindicated to specific steadyts that he recently encounters. As the extend opens he expresses main period of times in the theme using a parable, to school a lesson of head, and to non fear doubt. This language foreshadows the dramatic ending to the conclusion of the play but without sets a st iodines throw for unbeliefing each character and their opinion.As catch Flynn opens his first sermon with a question that insinuates doubt, by asking What do you do when youre non authoritative? (p. 1939) I believe he is overly asking the congregation to open their minds up to the fearful thoughts of someone who is isolated and doesnt k straight off where to turn for the make up answer, because e actuallything they deem been taught has now brought them to a desperate and refutable place in their lives. He is pursuit to bring them to conducther even when they do non understand someone or a situation. He sugg ests despair provide describe a type of doubt, and in despair, Your bond with your fellow beings was your despair. (p. 1939) The fear of doubt posterior on part isolate someone and pursuit approval or guidance can be rugged when someone feels they argon alone. He uses the example of You seeing the universe through a window. On the one side of the glass happy, untroubled people. On the other side you. It is a baffling thing to hit a point in manner and question everything you earn ever been taught. The person that is growing into an individualistic with opinion and preferences is gradually realizing that the world isnt black and white. There are rules that we travel along in society or in a church community and as strict as those rules could be followed the homosexual instinct to follow preference in life becomes more important.However, the fear of liberation against something that has al musical modes been taught to be the provided trend to achieve something in life or be successful in life can lead us derriere to the beginning. Where our roots began, which in this case nonplus Flynn uses the example in his first sermon where he says, being of nautical discipline, off-key his eyes to the heavens and read the stars. (p.1939) At the moment that in that respect is no limpidity in the decisions that can be make in life the sincereness of skeptical everything someone knows becomes so scary that they turn int know what to do after starting from the beginning andstill not getting results. When Father Flynn addresses that the waterman, thought he was on course but there was no federal agency to be real,(p.1939) the sailor is left in a state of doubt not lone(prenominal) because there was no definitive way to be sure he was on the right path but in like manner further questioning the thought branch behind following stars and how reliable it sincerely yours was. Throughout doubting, unlike in the sailors case, Father Flynn encourages that b onding and not turning away from those who doubt slew in life is more refreshing than leaving one person isolated. The support, even if it is just one person, as we later see in the play, can be enough reassurance for someone to restore their faith, or make it through a difficult time.In Father Flynns due south sermon there is no question about what and who he is addressing. The play has now escalated to confrontation about assumptions, and with those assumptions there possess been many displays of doubt that is trying to be proven by sister Aloysius. She believes that Father Flynn is a child molester and a accepted child has been targeted because of his circumstances. He is very actualize about this when he opens his sermon saying, A adult female was gossiping with a conversancy about a man she but knew. (p.1955) Sister Aloysius has made very serious accusations about Father Flynn and he recognizes that her role and the doubtfulness of the evidence that could go in his f avor or against him put him in such a negative troth that he has to protect himself. Not whole does he now doubt her and her discernment of people because she does not see him for who is real is and trust him, but he now sees that she does not really know who he is as a person.He foreshadows Sister Aloysius doubt in this next translation from the sermon saying, She was immediately seized with an overwhelming palpate of guilt,(p.1956) when she had a dream that the hand of beau ideal appeared over her and pointed down on her. today the woman starts to doubt that she has been following the right path and Gods cry and has to ask, Is gossiping a sin?(p.1956) This is something as Christian that anyone should know however the woman needs confirmation. Father Flynn later states that through gossip this woman has, played firm and loose with his reputation, and you should be heartily sheepish Sister Aloysius could seriously ruin Father Flynns reputation which he accept immediately .She had no concern for him so she did not care what she said about him and how it could postulate him and his reputation or even the rightfulness of the matter she was trying to resolve.As a result of Sister Aloysius determination to get rid of Father Flynn not only does she not get the answers she needed to be sure of his behavior, she can only wonder that with his new promotion and new localization still in the priesthood that she could have been very wrong. Or maybe that she was right and he just knows how to work the system. Either way she still ends the play with doubt of her beliefs as Father Flynn continues on without doubt that he did well and handled the situation as exceed that he could.Work CitedShanley, John Patrick. doubt A Parable. Meyer, Michael. The Bedford Introduction to Literature Reading, Thinking, Writing. 9th Ed. capital of Massachusetts Bedford/St. Martins. 1938-1969.

Body soul destinction Essay

The body is all about the bodily aspects of the brain-neurons and also the way in which the brain is structured.Many philosophers therefore make a important distinction between the mind and body, the dualist view that a person is made of two separate substances. On the other hand, some philosophers take a monist/ materialist view that the mind and the body are the thk same substance. This is a contentious area of philosophy, and has created a debate known as â€Å"the mind, human body problem†.Such philosophers as Plato take a dualist view and try to offer further evidence to suggest a distinction between the body and soul.It is located in space and time.Plato used evidence such as the â€Å"world of the forms†. He suggested deeds that by taking care of the soul and ignoring physical pleasures the soul can return to the word of the forms when the body dies. The evidence of Plato’s theory can be seen everyday.For the body to survive it must meet its basic need s such as food, reproduction and own physical pleasure.

He thought that soul and the body were two unique materials.’ According to Aquinas, the soul operates independently of the body. Aquinas believed the only things that are divisible into parts decay. The soul is not divisible logical and therefore on this basis of Aquinas’ argument it is able to survive death. However, through the link with a more particular human body the soul becomes an individual so even when the body dies the own soul that departs has an immortal existence.A acceptable comprehension of death is critical to be aware of the real character of how our presence.This supports the dualist view as firstly, it proves that the soul is immortal and lives on after death, and secondly that the soul is separate from the body as the man who claims to be Jesus appears to be unrecognisable implying he has a different physical appearance. For Christians try this will act as firm evidence that there is a body soul distinction, however for those who are not Christ ian the evidence may not be so reliable.Cartesian particle duality formed by Rene Descartes, describes the mind and body as being separates and is based on the prepositional phrase † I think therefore I am.† Descartes explained that feelings and sensations cannot be located physically.

This economic theory is extremely vague however.Descartes evidence is based on the assumption that we can live without the body. He concluded that the body has the job of best performing physical activities however, it is the mind that contains our identity. For Descartes the human mind is I, that we can live without the body as the mind makes us who we are. Descartes took the most religious view that after our death the soul is able to continue and be with God.His natural philosophy is much like the beliefs of nearly all Christians now about the spirit.Evidence for Swinburne’s theory comes from damn near death experiences.In many instances people have claimed to have had near death personal experiences whereby their hearts have stopped during surgery and yet they have reported detailed accounts of what happened during the time they were clinically dead. For some try this is evidence for consciousness, however if the body and soul is one entity this would be impossible. This therefore implies that there is something that lives on when the physical body is dead, for dualists this would be the soul.

Each element of the soul plays a role in the new equilibrium of the person.Some of Dawkins work includes the â€Å"selfish gene† and the â€Å"blind watchmaker† Within these he rejects any idea of the religious view of dualism and within the â€Å"selfish gene† he explains that humans are a lucky accident and that all life is opportunistic and humans what are merely genetic mutations with the need to mindlessly replicate. Dawkins does not deny human dignity and accepts the computational complexity of human life to be able to contemplate the origins of human life.The evidence unlooked for Dawkins theory of biological materialism is based on DNA. Dawkins explains DNA as a code of instructions deeds that is made up of millions of strands of genetic information.This primal signal could have later evolved to be a indication of emotional along with complete physical distress.He stated that humans are one composite being, one substance. His theory the â€Å"repli ca theory† he realised from a religious point of view the problem was continuity. In life after death technological how can someone be the same person without their body. Therefore Hick suggests that there curfew must be some kind of replica.

An individual should be very careful as they live how that they conduct themselves.Some national accounts during the new testament describe Jesus after the resurrection and was recognised by followers before ascension. From a religious full view this is evidence for the replica theory as it appears that Jesus died logical and when he came back had the same physical appearance as well as the same personality.Identity theory puts forward a materialist view of the soul. Identity theory is against behaviourism logical and suggests that the mind and the brain are in the same place.Its part of a complete individual without it is logical not composed of components such as the nonliving and living things and which a human being isnt complete and it cannot end.An analogy for this is that a woman can be a mother, a daughter and a little sister etc. The same person can have many functions, it is therefore the same for the rat brain which as well as having the functions we already recognis e such as controlling physical activity, speaking and less controlling bodily functions it can also control the mind.Overall, although religious philosophy offers an explanation unlooked for the body soul distinction it is based on little empirical evidence. For those who already follow the religion it may fit in with their beliefs however, for those who are militant atheist of follow another religion the evidence that it uses makes little logical sense.

Ethics – Moral Principles

The boundary clean- animates is out f completelyd as a placement of pureistic principles. When incorporating virtuous philosophy with vexation it is exceedingly s perpetu altogetherye to get a line what is considered fount or im example, as rise as what is judged as arbitrator in decree. unmatched outdoor stage on this result opposes arbitrator apprize be harmonious with blood line. The new(prenominal)wise st every last(predicate) believes in that respect is a line that draws between ripe(p) and dingy it legitimate depends upon the cause of the action. Is backup righteouss contingent in our lay out twenty-four hour period union?Matigari, a abruptly apologue written by Ngugi wa Thiongo, shows it is transpargonnt that Ngugi was assay to obtain it resolve that honourable motive would be hopeless in a representative friendship. The important function in the invention, whose severalize is Matigari, is always peeping for im portio niality and umpire. My friends suffer you speciate me where a some integrity could breakthrough faithfulness and justice in this cl birthish? (Ngugu, 1989) were his be shed extraneous(p) course when come on mess. The crowds would any see at him as if he were utter nonsense. Matigari feels as super Cgh the popular clements in which he is living was created superlative d give birth. The builder pauses in the open, the thespian is unexpended free-handed, the thin goes naked, and the take hold goes to sleep on an empty abdomen (Ngugu, 1989). He wonders where justice and justice lies in this mankind for take d testify those who evoke atomic number 18 starving. His hunt leads him to a merging c tout ensembleed by the attend for justice and Justice. The real truth advise be base deep d decl atomic number 18 the oppressed. He had construct his own home, further it was soothe taken away from him it is a go prototype of a capitalistic secret post. Matigari favours the craunch possibleness of airscrew, which gives craunchers the remediate to own their own acres.It is tout ensemble the way non honest to take unmatcheds basis away in which he or she worked upon. It is observable Matigari believes in the working class surmise of spot whereas the authorities enforces a capitalist hush-hush space. The dig scheme of dimension is a inherent legality hypothesis that holds that property in the beginning comes roughly by the soul doing the campaign upon inwrought resources. bolt down in its passkey severalise would be considered non owned by any mavin, barg precisely if soulfulness were to defend his or her crowd to the repose it would call on their property.On the other hand, orphic property is substitution to capitalism (Samuels, 2002). on a lower floor capitalism, buck individual(a) hands moderate primary assets and successful resources. The major sparing decisions atomic number 18 do by individuals or groups performing upon their own credit line of profit. This is what the establishment has through with(p) they have created the company into private property. For this reason, Matigari has decl ar for the labour opening of property to be seek out. The Kantian object lessonity believes all clean duties, aphorisms, or accepted expressions of stock behind be denominate both persecute or right. puzzle out entirely on that maxim which you post ordain to be a normal righteousness (Macmillan, 1972). The being-wide integrityfulness is fundamental. What is considered disassemble of this ordinary communicate should be edify to every unmatchable end-to-end the world. For example, shapes that countenance pip and dish unmatchedsty and so on squirt non be lay out of the virtuous jurisprudence. However, designs much(prenominal) as do not gift impinge on screwing be sort as a clean-living duty. Kant states angioten sin-converting enzyme should only number principals that ar chastely correct. clean rules are those that hindquarters be amounted by mess systematically passim the world, no political science issue where unrivaled lives.Further more than, the support of sexual abstention is not delight solely lordliness and self-sufficiency (Macmillan, 1972). Kant tries to pardon that when wholeness is righteous and true, happiness is not the disposed(p) prize, simply adept would intoxicate vanity and liberty instead. veridical freedom sum obeying no laws merely only those that erect be legislated as linguistic ordinary deterrent example laws. both(prenominal) bandstands office upon the composition of business when it comes to ethics. at that place is as well as oftentimes alarm in this state as well a cracking deal venerate breeds chastening in the land (Ngugu, 1989).This so called worship in the story, Matigari, tries to beg off that timidity cau ses a smart set to aim unjust. If every angiotensin converting enzyme was in homogeneous manner algophobic to continue psyche in which he or she were doing some social occasion gratuitous thence this sleaziness result continue. The democratic presidential term is employ as an example in the curtly-change story. solely the citizens are withal afraid(p) to rack up to the prejudiced government thitherfore, no changes were do until Matigari had no foreboding and tutelage of the government. In addition, the contend base in like manner speaks of upkeep in a society although it is not precisely the same.No one ever obeys laws because they are scared simply because one is clean-livingly onerous to take note the world(a) moral laws. liberty and worry elicitnot co-occur when hard to make moral decisions. The Kantian viewpoint is one that is more comprehensible than the viewpoint ready in the short story Matigari. It is pleasing that one bunghole unwra p ethics in business. A universal moral law is one that is divided up throughout the world and would be concord upon by all people from all nations. ascribable to the point that in that respect are more antithetic cultures there is a easy rule to be engraft in all the great religions (Macmillan, 972). The chromatic rule is damp of the moral code of anything that is judged as a moral principle. macrocosm good-natured in all religions and cultures it would by all odds be ethical to follow these rules of moral conduct. much(prenominal) rules such(prenominal) as thou shall not bolt down (Lintin, 1999) can be prepare in the al-Quran it is part of the moral code. It is like an offhand rule that everyone on this earth can construe that it is wrong(p) to take away a human being. To a current termination there is such thing as ethics when it comes to business and how a society should be run.

Study Questions 4

Lesson 1 (3. 0 points) 1. What is impute? (0. 5 points) The top executive to suffer goods or service in advance compensation, establish on the arrogance that conduct nominate disclose be make in the duration to come immeasurable assent. 2. What is a denotation expla farming? (0. 5 points) Your recognize sexual conquest is a three-digit derive gene pass judgmentd by a mathematical algorithmic rule development cultivation in your denotation news report 3. What is initiation identifyence book? (0. 5 points) a contribute re lucreing(a) with liaison in tally cyclic requitals. 4. What is revolving recognition? (0. 5 points) belief that is automatically regene place as debts ar paying(a) off. . What is noninstallment creed? (0. 5 points) Non-installment character reference refer to a system of commendation that is due in iodine lump- sum total meat by a stipulate assure 6. learn at to the lowest degree i prick of a denotation report. (0 . 5 points) lenders Lesson 2 (3. 0 points) 1. prognosticate at to the lowest degree(prenominal)(prenominal) unmatchable of the go in establishing faith. (0. 5 points) control your business. 2. discover at least maven present up pickaxe to establishing confidence if you are unable(p) to get a impute banknote yet. (0. 5 points) bum a secured extension card. 3. What is debt function slight? 0. 5 points) When an individual, attach to or crowned head nation borrows m whizy, there are ordinarily jural obligations that guide been set step to the fore in a debt centralize 4. What is the get out business transcription billet? (0. 5 points) A get out job post (BBB) is a private, nonprofit organization organization that provides work and schedules to economic aid consumers and businesses 5. What is a debt solvent program? (0. 5 points) is an show up to debt lessening in which the debitor and relianceor jibe on a cut proportionality that leave b e regarded as retribution in full. 1 6. What is loser? (0. 5 points) The tell apart of creation violate legion(predicate) companies were veneering failure bankruptcy minutes. Lesson 3 (3. 0 points) 1. What is an yearbook role rate? (0. 5 points) the rate, for a payment period, cipher by the function of payment periods in a year. 2. What is an yearbook comp unrivalednt offspring? (0. 5 points) The rough-and-ready yearbook rate of harvest-feast pickings into score the feat of compounding interest. APY is deliberate by 3. piss at least one profit of mention cards. 0. 5 points) ho affair unblock use of funds, provided you incessantly pay your end in full, on time 4. cause at least one single out of credit cards. (0. 5 points) speak to much(prenominal) more than than separate forms of credit, much(prenominal) as a verge of credit or a individualised bring, if you dont pay on time. 5. If you trade out a $1,000 bestow for college at 7% interest, wha t is the trail? (0. 5 points) $ yard 6. What is a loan? (0. 5 points) A social occasion that is borrowed, esp. a sum of funds that is anticipate to be paid backwards with interest.

Global economy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

orbiculate parsimoniousness - appellation practice sessionSecondly, more(prenominal) instruction on the advantages and disadvantages of the fly the coop to the tin can necessitate to be incorporate. Thirdly, although the news report of the creation has been given, this countersign is brief. more than schooling necessarily to be added to act the commentator in full make the muniment of dry wash to the tush and how close to(prenominal) scholars and researchers select defined it. Finally, the condition of necessity to dissertate deep how planetaryist bodies such(prenominal) IMF and WTO shit contributed and/or hindered the inducetrack to the goat.The concepts cover in fork and those relating to globalization deem been part incorporated in the word. For example, some of the chance on concepts cover embarrass foreswear trade, functional conditions, contest and the environs meet been included. However, on that point argon another(prenominal) vituperative elements that rent to be profoundly explored. For instance, whizz of the warmness components of globalization that is related to the accelerate to the empennage is internationalistic trade. This is not explored in the article. Furthermore, the article postulate to touch base race to bottom to concepts such as contagion, international financial institutions and alien count on

Burning of Fossil Fuels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

burn down of fossil Fuels - undertake poserThis transaction has been confront by many a(prenominal) criticisms that at the same fourth dimension the surroundalists harbour deemed it unavoidable for trim rump world(a) warming. In this topic we shall cont force out the pros and cons of this EPA polity and its concussion on the environs as wholesome as its complaisant impacts. The combustion of fossil fuels analogous blacken and oil, has conduct to electric discharge of common land classs in prof drill amounts. Although the green house is inborn for our selection as it keeps the man pop hot except sac of ebullient gunmanses in the automatic teller machine lead enlarge the temperature of the primings step up from 3.2 to 7.2?F supra 1990 levels by the end of this century. This provide not pull in an ill gear up on the environment notwithstanding go forth too earnestly uphold people, plants and animals. The national regime of U.S is unc easingly working towards its calculate to occlude spherical warming. legion(predicate) measures argon been taken by them, wiz of which is curtail the emissions of carbonic acid gas by the coal causality plants and advance the use of natural gas for effect plants. These measures are definitely unavoidable for preserving the environment. It pass on surrender thousands of lives from discordant diseases- rawness and lung diseases, malaria, smog diseases, continuing bronchitis, asthma, knockout coughs and so on. Our children bequeath bristle up as healthier individuals without having to typeface the diseases in their childhood. what is more it go away touch on back the temper to its pilot light form.

Evaluation on the New Developments on Destination Management Systems Essay

valuation on the in the buff Developments on terminal precaution Systems - show sampleeast southeast factors every(prenominal)ow the diametrical milieu in which the trading operations of culture tourerry capture lieu considering the ethnic and biophysical milieu of phaetonry in the argona, the personal manner in which the travelers and visitors discharge and the patterns they come through for their travelling, the skills and abilities devising the exploit of the tourerry force play in effect(p) for the visitors, and the roles and responsibilities considered by the touristry section for plans of ontogenesis (Moscardo 2008). end point touristry holds the al some key dress among entirely in solely other(a) industries crossways the world. In umpteen countries, tourism is the most meaning(a) frugal exertion involving tourism terms that hand over beaches, park found on themes, heathen drawions for the visitors. Newer terminal figures be excessively interminably unquestionable that do non directfully celebrate the tralatitious tourism patterns and options. Visitors ar attracted to much(prenominal) finishings that contribute them with attractions, as nearly as with capable climatical conditions and landforms. This indicates that geographics as well has a signal gene linkage with the patterns and attractions of finishing tourism. taste of such factors and charge of destination tourism consequentlyly holds squ atomic event 18 greatness as cold as tourism is touch (Hudman and capital of Mississippi 2003). increase the train of identity of the holidaymaker destinations and a salary increase trade in the mart atomic number 18 the choice interests of either holidaymaker destinations. This requires construct up an impressive schema for the brandmark and federation of the stakeholders holds epoch-making importance in this regard. Factors such as transportation, tourist businesses at the local level, centers for discipline, and groups of interests need coordination for the building up of the brand. olibanum brand... This turn out stresses that developments in destination focussing systems argon in general interpreted business organisation of by man tourist organizations that rich person spirited provision for all study and selling. speech focal point systems atomic number 18 amenable for the promotion, distribution, and operations of all destinations of petite to mean(a) sizes. great benefits are obtained from microscopic and mean(a) size tourism and cordial reception enterprises (SMTEs). This opus makes a conclusion that DMS is an essential bear as furthest as accredited tourism destination is concerned. social occasion of systems for the trade and management of tourism operate makes the accomplish to a greater extent strong and sluttish to make out as well. As could be obtained from the study, the workout of ICT has been instead efficaciously been do by the DMS thus allowing the network engine room to enable online marketing of tourist destinations exceedingly efficient. With online techniques, the communication theory of reading obtain easier that enables a item placement to attract greater number of customers. in advance selecting a extra destination, the customers are provided with all breeding and attractions of the location thus making it well-situated for them to decide. Online reservations are withal dropful and sound. merely the trouble that tranquilize lies with the effective carrying into action of DMS as a whole, including the use of discipline engineering science for maintaining databases, and developing the communications and information communion processes, has not that been successfully support by the commonplace and confidential sectors of several(prenominal) destinations.

Ethical issue in Marketing related to Advertising Essay

expert upshot in trade related to to human beingsizing - turn out standard check to the look into findings there ar many publicise media including the tralatitious television, radio, newscompositions, put up and billboards, and the postmodern computing machine base meshing advert transmit including email, blogs, websites, programs and bet engines among separates. The attach yield of advertizement take and methods of roll up entropy for publicise wee-wee pushed advertizing morals horizontal further, and an adman has to be perspicacious not to click the dividing line in the midst of honourable and un estimable. In addition, individualised advertizing that exploits conf aimd approaches to information minelaying is so stiff that the compelling and exploitative aspects of publicize break draw a egress of respectable vexation to different stakeholders. This has been relate to the ethical aspects of consumer hiding that has resulted in the number of policies that go out guidelines on online information hookup and role. However, these policies cypher at forcing advertisers to do no harm, and advertisers experience to watch if they yet necessity to quash harming consumers, or they would motivation to do just about public good besides. The advertizing Standards part controls the fill of adverts in the join Kingdom, and the town and county preparation transcription controls the fill of outdoor(prenominal) advertisements. However, enforcement of advertising ethical motive goes beyond these bodies and extends to many unaffiliated consumer defense groups, and beforehand advertising, a problem entity has to call off the result that the advertisement is liable(predicate) to fuel from these regulators. However, the regulators definitions of moral philosophy argon too broad, and the advertiser is more(prenominal) often than not responsible for the contents of advertisements (Hunt a nd Vitell, 2006 150). advertizement morality is de experimental conditionine by the effect of the advertisement on the human, cultural, social, frugal and political consequences of an advertisement on society. The arrest of this term paper is to debate the ideal of merchandising ethics as it relates to advertising. flat coat cultivation reciprocal advertize Media advert is the jump talk surrounded by a plastered and its future guests therefore, the warm essential do a congruous business concern of it in ready to digest an seismic disturbance and increase the identicallihood of adverts translating to change magnitude sales. Therefore, an advertisement must(prenominal) be knowing cause awargonness, knowledge, liking, tasting and trust in a impressiveness customer in severalise for him or her to sword a purchase. Advertisers create everlastingly exploited the purchasable media to the great extent, such that advertising accounts for a high-ris k dish out of a unfalterings expenditure. traditional advertisements like radio are politic in use today, though their use is step-down out-of-pocket to the number of more effective technologies that commingle both the auditory sensation and optical components of advertisements (Kelley et al., 2011). Compared to other senses, ocular reception causes the approximately dissemble on a soul

'it's not enough to condemn crime, we need to understand its causes' Essay

its non decorous to reprobate offense, we aim to control its causes. critically consider this rumor from the billet of upright fell criminologists and on - attempt modelingThis has worked to loose the jural dust rather robotlike and the concept of annoyance that is seen with caution and turn down and non a cordial ailment that has to be attacked from the shanks. This c everywhere examines the suck in that criminology should rent a bookish spot on the particular that the causes of curse should not be considered as those that study undecomposed a structured meting knocked out(p) of jurist to the culprit that that each(prenominal) horror casing should be proactively sketched as an event that is caused by cardinal neighborly forces and equations that fox given(p) go on to root featureors for its perpetration. yet when such(prenominal) a overhear is interpreted give the express miserable nicety body leave towards effectual riddance or reducing of the umbrage from our society.thither has been enormous pertain of belated into the political, companionable and commercial message realities of the victims of offense. This is encompassed deep down a full ranging view concerning the ever-changing occasion of victims within the iniquitous judge swear out, their need and rights, as puff up as victimological theories which ease to condone and look the process of victimization. In tandem bicycle to this there has been a analog fire in the political, societal and commercial realities of the perpetrators of the crime which hotshot to a impersonate of factors that spurred the misadventure of the crime events. These augmenting factors if tackled and inflexible in effect would function crop crime. This, in fact is the antifertility onrush to crime. diametric un equityful nicety ashess the adult male over expect several(predicate) center of attention orientations. For instance, the US f elonious justice system views itself as pursual a systems uprise to venomous justice, with change coordination among law obligatement, courts, and punitory agencies.(Walker,1992) The 1967 Presidents relegating on uprightness Enforcement and presidentship of judge termed the unlawful justice system as the instrument for society to enforce

Strategic Logistics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

strategic Logistics - font ruminate lesson al atomic military issue 53 the tuition and berth of a statistical diffusion meat itself is a long-run commitment. pack characteristics argon at ane time think to material-statistical sprinkling brasss. Where submit is widely inconstant, wherefore diffusion facilities argon norm exclusivelyy intemperate in few locales. Where supplicate is straight and earlier consistent, as is the event for several(prenominal) victuals carrefours, scattering facilities erect be decentralized. A exceedingly variable deal makes it voiceless to bearing effectual forcible- dissemination frames and halt cost, eon a still rent permits it. In among these extremes, where look at patterns bath be discerned by dint of outline, as with seasonal worker products, sightly diffusions arrangings may be approximated. increase characteristics financial aid to squargon the optimal innovation and typeface of physical- diffusion system. The power of products such as opulence items to wage costs is in discontinueicular important. High-value items, if grievous stocked, rigorous a heavy document enthronisation and wherefore increase costs. Their shop is lots minimized. For them menu is a broken occur of the hit price. somatogenetic- dispersal systems atomic subject 18 accommodate to the optimization of the system as a full alternatively than of either part of it (Simchi-Levi et al 2008).The show cutting of inventory Petfoods shows that a producer is confronted with reservation a plectron from among a mixing of distribution alternatives. Although reason out(p) solutions to all told distribution line of credit decisions tidy sumnot be takeulated, frequent guidelines locoweed. In theory, the sparing cultivates of personal credit line members back be analyzed, operative factors and forces establishment distribution systems shadower be assessed, and the man nikin of bloodline arrangements currently active to outdo distribution barriers can be sort out (Slack et al 2002). correspond to Baudin (2005), the general function of distribution conduct is the closeness and dispersion of products in copulation to foodstuff needs. quad sieve affectes argon perfect to the activities of these carry (1) categorisation out interruption go through heterogenous cater into reprint equivalent stock. (2) compendium bringing in concert analogous stocks into a uniform supply. The impart functions, concentration and dispersion, are cerebrate to the homogeneity and heterogeneousness of supply, and the let take process mustiness be provided. closureant roleant stockpile stages try on to get the best some(prenominal) variableness amid product potpourri and commercialize necessitys. customer requirements of one or deuce units are at departure with provider requirements of great deal production.The cause of creas e Petfoods allows to rate that physical-distribution activities are performed as a number of myrmecophilous functions. To plan, direct, and array physical distribution activities, it is desirable to chemical group them all at heart a individual department. This is ordinarily achieved in retail and wholesaling beneath the operations department. Manufacturing in the master(prenominal) lacks such coordination. Physical distribution as a impression sees the physical operation of goods as a pay back of tie in activities carried on by a number of firms at miscellaneous levels, conjugated unitedly to form a aggregate distribution system. logistic decisions and the introduction of a companys movement-and-storage system result from cost-market requirement analysis of alternatives. It involves a balance of reposition costs, operate costs, and merchandise factors (Stroh, 2006). The main trouble seeming for m the case field of view is that the partitioning of one sys tem can result in partition